Almost 70 years after Steinbeck popularized the plight of Oklahoma's Dust Bowl refugees in The Grapes of Wrath, residents here still chafe at [Oklahoma City's] reputation as a barren place. As recently as a decade ago, the river was a scar through the city's heart, at times a trickle of water in a ditch so overgrown it had to be mowed three times a year.

Civic leaders and politicians gambled millions that a rejuvenated river would attract investors to an economically struggling city known for its love of football and rodeo. But to the surprise of even those behind the effort, the river has spawned something else.

The city has become a mecca for elite water sports. Last fall, a crowd of 50,000 showed up for a rowing competition that drew Olympic athletes from Australia and the Czech Republic. Three local universities have begun varsity rowing programs, and a fourth is considering one.

Kayakers at the weekend Olympic trials, which drew between 10,000 and 15,000 spectators, said they had heard about Oklahoma City through their friends in rowing. Aside from some concerns about the city's ferocious winds, the athletes said they were pleased.

"I think they've definitely proven that they can provide a solid race course and event," said Carrie Johnson, who earned a spot on the Olympic team in the 500-meter single kayak event on Friday.